The joint disease of the knee is a gradual progression of inflammation. Typically, this disease is observed in middle -aged and the elderly and is the most common cause of musculoskeletal pain in the area of the knee joint and disability. From this publication, you will learn how to treat knee joints.
General descriptionIn the knee joint, the femur and tibia are covered with articular cartilage. There is also a second type of cartilage fabric, forming such senisci combined, acting as layers or shock absorbers. The fluid adds protection and additional smoothness. Bone fibrosis begins to grow if the bone cartilage is disturbed and damaged, because the surface of the bone is exposed, and the joint lubricant is not created in the necessary quantity. In this case, both losing cartilage completely and partly can be observed. This process is usually isolated by a certain area in the joints, in such cases, it can be caused by chronic injury and wear and tear.
The deformation of the knee joint is characterized by the process of destroying its cartilage shell. In the future, the nearest fabric, such as ligaments and bones, may also include in this process. Gonarthrosis, or knee joint joints, due to cartilage loss, accompanied by an increase in stiffness and joint deformation. Bone Spurs (Osteophytes), which is a pathological development of bone, can sometimes even be felt from the outside. The surface of the bone is deformed and is not close and not suitable for each other, as in healthy joints. As a result, limiting the movements increased.
At the same time, the pain occurs, especially strong when moving after prolonged immobility, for example, in the morning, as well as at night, this eventually leads to a decrease in quality of life. Stress can also cause pain in the affected joints. An indirect sign of the pathological change of cartilage is the visible narrowing of the joints between the femur and the tibia in the X -Ray picture.
ReasonThere are several reasons for arthritis: this is the process of aging and wearing cartilage, overweight, trauma, autoimmune diseases in which immunity attacks its own joint tissue, causing inflammation and its next destruction. An example is rheumatoid arthritis, in which both joints are affected at the same time and the disability develops. Some experts combine concepts such as Arthrite and knee joints, symptoms of these diseases are similar and often caused by the same reason.
The reduction of blood supply for the femur can also cause stress deformation, in this case they talk about aseptic necrosis. An incomplete formation of the knee joint in childhood can lead to the movement of the mechanical axis and knee osteoarthritis. The posterior arthritis is secondary and developed due to damage to cartilage, the front or rear ligament.
SymptomThere are three levels of knee joints, each with its own signs. At the first stage, there is a mild, uncomfortable pain in a periodic and swelling spot. The second level comes with an increase in symptoms, the appearance of crunchy and the limit of the ability to move. When the actual pain does not leave a person, and the cartilage is completely destroyed, the disease enters the knee joint of level 3.
Pain for muscle disease may appear suddenly, but most of it often grows slowly. A person may notice pain in the morning, after lifting from the bed. The knee may be painful when going up the stairs, or when you have to reach your knees and often have pain during walking. For people who are sensitive to weather, weather changes can also cause joint pain.
Swelling is the consequence of inflammation, periodically increased with arthritis. Edema can also be associated with the formation of spearheads or the accumulation of excess liquid in the knee. They can be pronounced more after a long time without action, for example, in the morning or after a long time on desktops. The skin may become red and hot when touched. If the chronic inflammation of the joint occurs, the removal of pain and edema is often achieved by taking anti -inflammatory drugs.
Loss of stability developed over time due to muscle weakening and unstable system. Occasionally, situations arise when a person simply cannot bend or completely straighten his legs. Such symptoms are often accompanied by the knee joint of level 2. A crunchy is perceived when moving because the cartilage has lost its original fineness and the amount of lubrication necessary. In the later period, a rickety sound can be caused by the fact that the bone bone rubs close to each other when moving.
The limited motion range can be seen when climbing the stairs or during exercise. Many people are forced to use the help of pedestrians or sticks to move. The deformation of the knee joint is probably the most terrible symptom of arthritis, as it indicates that the changes cannot be reversed in the joints, turning one into a disabled person. The knee can be transferred to each other inside, as well as facing out. The deformation of the knee is almost significant to significant.
DiagnoseDefinition of osteoarthritis of the knee begins by doctor's physical examination, medical history and conversation with patients. Be sure to pay attention to the doctor that most of the pain, and let us know about cases of family diseases, if any.
Additional diagnosis is done using:
X -ray, may show the presence of spearhead and change in cartilage;
Magnetic resonance images;
Blood test allows you to identify autoimmune disorders.
How to treat knee muscle disease, which medicine is necessary for this? Search for answers to these questions more.
Treatment principlesThe standard treatment of a disease such as the knee joint is mainly to eliminate pain and eliminate function restrictions. It is worth knowing that painkillers only weaken symptoms, but cannot affect the process of the disease and restore damaged cartilage. For treatment, addictive analgesics, anti -inflammatory drugs are not caused by no, yellow preparations effectively, corticosteroids, methotrexate, etc. v. Used.
In addition, surgical intervention, as well as physical and physical therapy procedures. Gymnastics with knee joints help significantly treat, exercises selected by the doctor attending. Despite the fact that in the research and development of the modern pharmacological activity of the most effective safe drugs and at the same time, the treatment of arthritis is being conducted, most drugs still have side effects and prolonged use that interrupts the normal operation of systems and agencies.
Drug treatmentMedicine treatment of knee joints gives three main directions:
The use of anti -inflammatory drugs is not necessary to relieve pain and reduce the intensity of the inflammatory process in tissues;
Take medicine to restore cartilage, including chondroprotector: glucosamine and chondroitin;
The use of cream and ointment in complex therapy of arthritis.
Combined with physical therapy and manual therapy, taking the drug allows you to slow down the process of destroying articular cartilage, accelerating the process of reproducing cartilage tissue and restoring the normal function of the limb.
The main objective of drug treatment is to eliminate pain, improve the nutrition of cartilage, activate the recovery process, increase the overall mobility and normal chemistry in the knee.
NesteroThe most common treatment for arthritis is not anti -inflammatory drugs that are not not diclofenac, indomethacin, pyroxykam, ketoprofen and others. They are used to relieve pain and reduce inflammation, but long -term treatment with these drugs are not recommended, as the drugs of this group have unwanted side effects, including negative effects on the gastric and intestinal mucosa, the effects of kidney, liver and cardiovascular. However, each drug has its own characteristics. And recently, funds with minimum risks for patients have begun to be developed.
In addition, although it is necessary to use these tools, some studies show that NSAIDs can lead to reducing proteoglycans production, thus dehydration of cartilage tissue, so those drugs must be strictly performed according to the doctor's prescription and under his control. The frequency of NSAID's side effects increases when used for prolonged use, acting as an essential thing for many patients with muscle disease. Experts recommend that you choose anti -inflammatory drugs for long -term use, have fewer side effects and have no negative impact on the metabolic process in cartilage.
Most anti -inflammatory drugs are not produced in different forms: in the form of capsules or tablets, in the form of injection solutions and ointments or gel for local use.
Recovery of cartilageFor nutrition and cartilage regeneration into its tissues, the amount of unchanged compounds like Chondroprotector - Glucosamine and Chondroitin is necessary. These are useful substances for people with osteoarthritis. Their reception should be done for a very long time, from six months or more, only in this case you can trust in a positive therapeutic effect. Chondroprotector improves the quality and amount of fluid fluid, unlike NSAIDs, they increase the synthesis of protooglycans and contribute to the reproduction of cartilage panels. However, due to such useful properties of these compounds, they should not be considered as the main treatment of joint muscle disease. The joint deformation of the knee joint requires the use of chondroitin and glucosamine for at least 1, 5 years. It is also considered that they cannot recover a completely destroyed cartilage.
Ointment and creamTreatment of a disease like Arthrosis of the knee joint should include the use of gel and local ointment. These types of doses should not be based on the only option for therapy, using them should be considered as the additional addition for the reception of NSAID and Chondroprotector. Such drugs significantly reduce discomfort, pain, swelling, improving the movement of joints.
This effect is explained by the fact that it enters the blood through the skin, ointment and cream that improves blood circulation in the joints, accelerates metabolism in cartilage and has its regeneration.
CompressApplications for osteoarthritis have a greater effect than the application of ointment. For therapeutic compressions, Dimexide tools are often prescribed, have good anti -inflammatory and pain relief effects, good penetration into the tissue. Bishophyte is also effective, speeding up metabolic processes in cartilage.
InjectIn the knee joint, the fluid is very viscous, which ensures the absence of tissue friction. An important part of this lubricant is hyaluronic acid, linked to proteoglycans to stabilize the structure of cartilage tissue. In patients with Arthricis, the level of this compound in the epidemic fluid decreases significantly, due to the later results become less viscous, the friction increases.
Injecting into the knee of hyaluronic acid -based drugs may slow down the progression of osteoarthritis, but only half of such diagnosis will be reduced symptoms. The injection process is usually three weeks, while after seven days, the injection is done. After six months, the recommended procedures are repeated.
Folk remediesThe knee arthrosis provides an integrated approach for treatment, and the recipes for traditional medicine are additional therapy. It means a onion, dandelion leaves, aloe vera, vodka and honey with equal volume, night compression from salt with honey and many others deserve attention. It is also recommended to eat a lot of jelly and jelly.
Replace jointsIf all the above treatments do not bring results, then the activity to replace joints with an endrosthesis is displayed. The main goal of the activity is to restore the natural mechanical axis of the leg and completely release from pain and discomfort. In this case, part of the joint or entire joint can be replaced. The continuous improvement of surgical equipment and transplant quality has made such a successful and popular procedure.
